What are superficial tendon reflexes?
The superficial reflexes are elicited by sensory afferents from skin, rather than muscle. Deep reflexes are muscle stretch reflexes mediated by lower motor neuron (LMN) pathways, typically monosynaptic. Superficial reflexes are mediated by UMN pathways, typically polysynaptic.
Is the tendon reflex Monosynaptic or Polysynaptic?
Examples of monosynaptic reflex arcs in humans include the patellar reflex and the Achilles reflex. Most reflex arcs are polysynaptic, meaning multiple interneurons (also called relay neurons) interface between the sensory and motor neurons in the reflex pathway.
What is the Golgi tendon organ reflex?
The Golgi tendon reflex (also called inverse stretch reflex, autogenic inhibition, tendon reflex) is an inhibitory effect on the muscle resulting from the muscle tension stimulating Golgi tendon organs (GTO) of the muscle, and hence it is self-induced.
What stimulates tendon reflexes?
Tendon reflexes are elicited by striking a tendon with a patellar hammer. This stretches the muscle and triggers a volley of afferent impulses from its muscle spindles.
What is an example of Polysynaptic reflex?
An example of a polysynaptic reflex arc is seen when a person steps on a tack—in response, their body must pull that foot up while simultaneously transferring balance to the other leg.
What is a normal deep tendon reflex?
1+ = a slight but definitely present response; may or may not be normal. 2+ = a brisk response; normal. 3+ = a very brisk response; may or may not be normal. 4+ = a tap elicits a repeating reflex (clonus); always abnormal.
What do deep tendon reflexes assess quizlet?
A reflex is a motor response to a sensory stimulation that is used in an assessment to observe the integrity of the nervous system. They elicit a muscle contraction when the muscle’s tenon is stimulated. The patient should be relaxed.
What do you need to know about deep tendon reflexes?
Reflex Exam (Deep Tendon Reflexes) The reflex exam is fundamental to the neurological exam and important to locating upper versus lower motor neuron lesions. There are five deep tendon reflexes and a number of superficial and visceral reflexes covered here. Introduction to the Reflex Exam. You don’t have a hammer.
What is the DTR scale for deep tendon reflexes?
DTR Scale 1 0: absent reflex 2 1+: trace, or seen only with reinforcement 3 2+: normal 4 3+: brisk 5 4+: non-sustained clonus 6 5+: sustained clonus More
What are the three reflexes of brachioradialis?
Place the thumb of the hand supporting the patient’s elbow on the biceps tendon while tapping the brachioradialis tendon with the other hand. Observe three potential reflexes as you tap. Brachioradialis reflex: flexion and supination of the forearm. Biceps reflex: flexion of the forearm.
What do you need to know about the reflex exam?
Reflex Exam (Deep Tendon Reflexes) The reflex exam is fundamental to the neurological exam and important to locating upper versus lower motor neuron lesions. There are five deep tendon reflexes and a number of superficial and visceral reflexes covered here. Introduction to the Reflex Exam